Overview#
A person hiding in a back room during a home invasion cannot make a voice call. A deaf caller reporting a gas leak should not have to wait for a relay service. A student in a school lockdown scenario needs to reach 911 discreetly. Text-to-911 exists because emergencies do not always allow for spoken communication, and the system needs to be ready for that.
The Text-to-911 module provides an enterprise SMS platform optimised for emergency communications with sub-second message delivery, conversation threading, typing indicators, and automatic status updates. The dispatcher interface is designed to feel intuitive under stress, mirroring familiar messaging patterns while integrating fully with the CAD dispatch workflow. Full photo and video attachment support gives dispatchers visual evidence from the scene. AI-powered translation across more than 100 languages ensures no caller is turned away because of language.
Key Features#
Real-Time Two-Way SMS Messaging#
Enterprise-grade messaging platform delivers real-time two-way communication between citizens and dispatchers. Conversation threading maintains context across multi-message exchanges, while typing indicators and read receipts keep both parties informed of message status. The system supports concurrent text conversations alongside traditional voice call handling. Pre-built quick response templates enable dispatchers to send standardised instructions rapidly during high-volume periods.
Multimedia Messaging (MMS) Support#
Citizens can send photos, videos, and GPS location data directly to dispatchers through standard multimedia messaging. Visual evidence from the scene improves situational awareness and enables more accurate resource dispatch. All media attachments are automatically preserved and linked to the corresponding CAD incident record for complete documentation.
- Photo support with automatic compression and thumbnail preview
- Video support with inline playback, scrubbing, and download capabilities
- GPS location sharing displayed as an interactive map pin on the dispatcher console
- Automatic attachment to incident records for evidence preservation
- Malware scanning validates all incoming media files before display
- Multiple media formats supported across all major mobile carriers
Automatic Language Translation#
AI-powered real-time translation supports over 100 languages, eliminating language barriers for non-English speakers and ensuring equal access to emergency services. Translation happens with minimal latency, and the original message is always preserved for legal record.
- Automatic language detection with both original and translated text displayed
- Support for all major world languages including European, Asian, and Middle Eastern scripts
- Translation quality indicators to help dispatchers assess communication accuracy
Integration with CAD & Dispatch Workflow#
Text conversations follow the same dispatch workflow as voice calls, with automatic incident creation, unit dispatch, and documentation. Text conversations appear alongside voice calls in the dispatcher queue, enabling unified workflow management. Automatic location information is extracted from text messages and plotted on dispatch maps.
Conversation Management & Queue Handling#
Advanced queue management distributes incoming text conversations across available dispatchers based on workload, skill level, and active conversation count. Supervisors monitor all active conversations in real time with the ability to join, transfer, or escalate conversations as needed. Automated conversation timeout and closure policies prevent abandoned conversations from consuming dispatcher resources.
Security & Compliance#
The system maintains full compliance with FCC Text-to-911 requirements, including carrier agreements with all major wireless providers. All messages are encrypted in transit and at rest, with complete audit trails documenting every interaction. Bounce-back message support alerts callers if Text-to-911 is unavailable in their area, directing them to call 911 instead. Message retention policies align with state and federal requirements, and all conversation records are available for quality review and legal discovery.
Use Cases#
- Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals reporting emergencies without relay service delays
- Domestic violence or active threat situations where voice calls would endanger the caller
- Citizens sending photos of suspects, vehicles, or scene conditions to improve response accuracy
- Non-English speaking callers communicating through automatic translation services
- Multi-incident events where text queuing supplements voice call capacity
- School safety situations where students can discreetly report threats via text message
- Island and remote communities where data connectivity may be more reliable than voice
Integration#
- CAD systems for automatic incident creation and unit dispatch
- Telephony systems for unified voice and text queue management
- GIS and mapping services for location display and route calculation
- Records management systems for conversation archival and evidence linking
- Language translation services for multilingual communication support
- Carrier networks for SMS and MMS message routing and delivery
- Quality assurance systems for text conversation review and scoring
- Training platforms for dispatcher text handling skill development
- Analytics platforms for text volume and performance metric reporting
Open Standards#
- NENA i3 / NG9-1-1 (NENA-STA-010.3, NENA-STA-012, NENA-STA-021, NENA-STA-006.3): The module routes and archives text sessions within the NG9-1-1 i3 framework, using EIDO incident data objects for CAD integration and NENA GIS data layers to determine PSAP jurisdiction boundaries.
- LoST, Location-to-Service Translation (RFC 5222): Incoming text messages carrying geodetic or civic-address location data are resolved to the correct PSAP SIP URI by querying an ECRF/LVF server via the LoST protocol.
- PIDF-LO, Presence Information Data Format Location Object (RFC 4119 + RFC 5491): Caller location extracted from GPS coordinates or civic address is encoded as a PIDF-LO XML document and submitted to the LoST server to select the authoritative PSAP.
- EN 17128:2020, Advanced Mobile Location (AML): Handset-originated emergency SMS bodies following the AML standard are parsed to extract latitude, longitude, accuracy radius, and positioning method for automatic location display on the dispatcher map.
- RFC 7852, Additional Data Related to an Emergency Call: Supplementary data blocks (caller subscriber information, service provider identity, device details) are retrieved from the Additional Data Repository and attached to the text session record.
- ITU-T E.164: All caller and PSAP telephone numbers are normalised to the E.164 international format for session correlation, carrier routing, and evidence records.
- WGS-84 (EPSG:4326): All coordinates carried in AML SMS bodies, PIDF-LO documents, and MMS GPS shares are stored and displayed in the WGS-84 geodetic datum.
- MIME (RFC 2045 / RFC 2046): Incoming MMS photo and video attachments are tagged with MIME content types, enabling correct rendering, thumbnail generation, and evidence preservation within the incident record.
Last Reviewed: 2026-02-04 Last Updated: 2026-04-14